Integration Watch: Maven goes commercial



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December 15, 2008 —  (Page 1 of 2)
As I discussed in this column months ago, Ant is by no means the only—nor is it necessarily the best—build tool for Java environments. Rather, Ant is the universal build tool; it can handle any build task well. But it needs lots of configuration to do so.

When you specify what the steps should be, how they should be performed and the order in which they should be executed, Ant faithfully chugs down the list, completing one task after another. The extensive directions are the price Ant exacts for its flexibility. And in that way, it is reminiscent of the make utility, except that it uses XML for its syntax.

Ant is verbose because it uses no particular build model. In fact, such basic functions such as JUnit were not bundled with Ant until recently.

Jason van Zyl, the force behind Maven, recognized that a tool designed around a comprehensive build model could eliminate a lot of the overhead in Ant scripts. So he devised a basic tool blueprint that included naming and location conventions for project files, an artifact repository and—crucially—the ability to follow a default compile-test-package-install-deploy build model without being told to do so at each stage. In addition, he figured that many sites would want reports on the project build, so Maven generates an entire website with status information and has a simple mechanism for adding more reports.

Essentially, Maven embraces the Ruby on Rails creed: convention over configuration. (Actually, Maven predates Rails, but Rails made the expression famous.) And, as with Rails, if you follow the Maven conventions, your time spent configuring is greatly reduced. Maven has found wide adoption over the years, and its user community continues to grow.

One problem that developers interested in adopting Maven faced in the past was the paucity of good documentation. For years, there were only scribbles on the Apache website, and developers had to figure things out for themselves. Eventually, van Zyl and other Maven developers published “Better Builds with Maven,” which finally gave Ant escapees a way into the fold. That book is still available for free download, but read on before getting it.



Related Search Term(s): Ant, Java, Maven, open source, Sonatype

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